1. Two general works are cited at this point: King, D. A. and Woodruff, D. P. (eds.) (1982–1992) The Chemical Physics of Solid Surfaces and Heterogeneous Catalysis Vols. 1–6, Elsevier, Amsterdam. Zangwill, A. (1988) Physics at Surfaces, CUP, Cambridge (UK).
2. Richardson, N. V. and Bradshaw, A. M. (1979) Surface Sci. 88, 255.
3. Richardson, N. V. and Bradshaw, A. M. (1981) in Electron Spectroscopy: Theory, Techniques and Applications (eds. Baker, A. and Brundle, C. R.) Vol. 3, Academic Press, London, p. 153.
4. Ibach, H. and Mills, D. (1982) Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy and Surface Vibrations, Academic Press, New York.
5. Bradshaw, A. M. and Schweizer, E. (1988) in Advances in Spectroscopy Vol. 16: Spectroscopy of Surfaces (eds. Clark, R. J. H. and Hester, R. C.), Wiley, New York, p. 413.