1. TEMA, Standard of Tubular Exchanger Manufacturers’ Association, 6th Ed., New York, 1978.
2. AIChE Today Series;KJ Bell,1971
3. Editors of Power, Power Generation Systems, pp. 265–296, McGraw Hill, New York, 1967.
4. Simpson, H.C., Outline of Current Problems in Condenser Design, Proc. Symposium to Celebrate the Bicentenary of the James Watt Patent, University of Glasgow, September 1 & 2, pp. 91–134, 1969.
5. Sebald, J.F, A Developmental History of Steam Surface Condensers in the Electrical Utility Industry, ASME/AIChE Nat. Heat Trans. Conf., San Diego, 6–8 Aug. 1979; also published in Heat Transfer Engineering, Vol. 1, No. 3, pp. 80–87, and Vol. 1, No. 4, pp. 76–81.