1. I first coined this word to capture this feature of the logic of the concept of knowledge in ‘Knowing and Believing’ Philosophy (55) 1980.
2. Colin Radford, ‘Knowledge — by Examples’, Analysis 1966.
3. Michael Welboume, The Community of Knowledge,Aberdeen, Aberdeen University Press, 1986; also Atlantic Highlands N.J., Humanities Press 1986.
4. These include, amongst others, Austin (‘Other Minds’, in his Philosophical Papers, Oxford, 1961) and Vendler (Res Coqitans chapter V, Ithaca and London, 1972 ).
5. The view is developed in ‘Utterer’s Meaning, Sentence-Meaning and Word-Meaning’ (reprinted in J.R. Searle (ed.), The Philosophy of Language,Oxford University Press, 1971). See also Strawson, ‘Meaning and Truth’ in his Logico-Linguistic Papers 181.