1. Gaseous exchange is reviewed by Buck (1962), Mill (1972, 1974, 1985), and Miller (1974). Hinton (1968) discusses spiracular gills. The regulation of gaseous exchange is examined by Miller (1966). Whitten (1972) provides structural details of the tracheal system.
2. Buck, J., 1962, Some physical aspects of insect respiration. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 7: 27–56.
3. Hinton, H. E., 1968, Spiracular gills, Adv. Insect Physiol. 5: 65–162.
4. Hughes, G. M., and Mill, P. J., 1966, Patterns of ventilation in dragonfly larvae, J. Exp. Biol. 44: 317–334.
5. Locke, M., 1966, The structure and formation of the cuticulin layer in the epicuticle of an insect, Calpodes ethlius, J. Morphol. 118: 461–494.