1. Actually kyo s (1016) is also used in Japanese, while the same character pronounced ching is used for 1016 in Chinese. In fact, Chinese has names for quite a few more powers of 104. However, the syntactic trend established by the names of numbers less than 1016 is preserved for these higher numbers, so the reader can easily extend our remarks to cover them. The naming of large numbers in Chinese went through a number of interesting phases. For a discussion of these see Li Yent, Chung Kuo Ku Tai Shu Shue Shih Liao u , 2nd printing, Shanghai 1963. In particular see Sections 33-5. There are also some remarks on this subject in Joseph Needham and Wang Ling, Science and Civilization in China, Vol. III, pp. 87–8.
2. B. Brainerd, ‘Two Grammars for Chinese Number Names’, Canadian Journal of Linguistics 12 (1966), 33–51. The author of this paper would like to take this opportunity to point out an omission which occurred there: On p. 45, line 10 and on p. 46, line 9, insert between and ‘a can be the’ the following phrase: “α contains at least one instance of one of i, erh, chiù,”. Fred C.C. Peng, The Numeric System of Standard Chinese (forthcoming).
3. For an introduction to such grammars see Emmon Bach, An Introduction to Transformational Grammars, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, New York, 1964.
4. This column contains the number names of Yamato origin now in use in Japanese. Usually the bound form -tsu is added to each of the numbers from ‘1’ to ‘9’ to form hitotsu, futatsu, kokonotsu. (The suffix -tsu is a classifier like head in the English phrase four head of cattle.) The name to ‘10’ usually appears without classifier. In Section 4 other classifiers for Yamato number names are considered.
5. The form liang is sometimes used interchangeably with erh but not always. For a detailed discussion see Section 5.