1. H. A. Basilius, “Thomas Mann’s Use of Musical Structure and Techniques in Tonio Kröger,” Germanic Review 19 (1944): 284–308.
2. Robert K. Wallace, “‘The Murders in the Rue Morgue’ and Sonata-Allegro Form,” The Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 35 (1977): 457–463. Reprinted in Literature and Music: Essays on Form, ed. by Nancy Anne Cluck (Provo, Utah: Brigham Young University Press, 1981), pp. 175–183.
3. Ibid., p. 176.
4. Over the past decade I have asked numerous students and colleagues to read “The Murders in the Rue Morgue” and remark if the short story presents any structural, dramatic, or thematic analogies with any work of instrumental music. While the responses have been wide-ranging, no one has ever remarked on an analogy between the Poe story and Beethoven’s Pathétique sonata. Similarly, I have played recordings of the Pathétique for numerous students and colleagues and asked them to comment on any structural, dramatic, and thematic analogies with any short story. Again, the results were wide-ranging, but no one in my experience has ever selected the Pathétique and “The Murders in the Rue Morgue” as analogues.
5. Tzvetan Todorov, “Reading as Construction” in The Reader in the Text: Essays on Audience and Interpretation, ed. by Susan R. Suleiman and Inge Crosmans (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1980), p. 71.