1. David J. Griffiths (1998), Introduction to Electrodyanrics, 3’
d
Ed., Prentice Hall PTR, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey.
2. M. O. Scully and M. Sargent III (1972), The Concept of the Photon, Physics Today, March 1972, 38.
3. David J. Griffiths (1995), Introduction to Quantum Mechanics, Prentice Hall Inc., Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
4. S. Donati (2000), “Photodetectors”, Prentice Hall PTR, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey.
5. J. Schwinger (1989 reissue), “Particles, Sources, and Fields, Volume I”, Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Redwood City, California, equation (1–3.56) on p20.