Author:
Zbar A. P.,Guo M.,Pescatori M.
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Reference150 articles.
1. Dalley AF 2nd. The riddle of the sphincters. The morphophysiology of the anorectal mechanism reviewed. Am Surg 1987;53:298–306.
2. Hsu Y, Fenner DE, Weadock WJ, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging and 3-dimensional analysis of external anal sphincter anatomy. Obstet Gynecol 2005;106:1259–1265.
3. Regadas FS, Murad-Regadas SM, Lima DM, et al. Anal canal anatomy showed by three-dimensional anorectal ultrasonography. Surg Endosc 2007;21:2207–2211.
4. Hall RJ, Rogers RG, Saiz L, et al. Translabial ultrasound assessment of the anal sphincter complex: normal measurements of the internal and external anal sphincters at the proximal, mid-, and distal levels. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 2007;18:881–888.
5. Shafik A. A new concept of the anatomy of the anal sphincter mechanism and the physiology of defecation. The external anal sphincter: a triple-loop system. Invest Urol 1975;12:412–419.