1. Ajdukiewicz, K.: Zagadnienie empiryzmu a koncepcja znaczenia [Empiricism and the Problem of Meaning]. Studia Filozoficzne 1(36), 3–14 (1964) (Eng. tr. in: Ajdukiewicz, K., The Scientific World-Perspective and Other Essays, 1930–1963, pp. 306–319. D. Reidel, Dordrecht (1978))
2. Ayer, A.J.: A Part of My Life. Collins, London (1977)
3. Black, M.: The semantic definition of truth. Analysis 9, 49–63 (1948) (Reprinted in: Black, M., Language and Philosophy, pp. 89–107. Cornell University Press, Ithaca (1949))
4. Carnap, R.: Introduction to Semantics. Harvard University Press, Cambridge (1942)
5. Carnap, R.: Intellectual autobiography. In: Schilpp, P. (ed.) The Philosophy of Rudolf Carnap, pp. 1–84. Open Court, LaSalle (1963)