1. H.H. Schloemer, Technology Development of Submarine Sonar Hull Arrays, Naval Undersea Warfare Center Division Newport, Technical Digest, September 1999 [Distribution authorized to DOD components only] Also Presentation at Undersea Defense Technology Conference and Exhibition, Sydney, Australia, 7 February 2000
2. T.G. Bell, Probing the Ocean for Submarines, Naval Sea Systems Command, Undersea Warfare Center, Division Newport, 28 March 2003 [Distribution authorized to DOD and US DOD contractors only]
3. R.J. Urick, Principles of Underwater Sound, 3rd edn. (Peninsula, Los Altos Hills, 1983)
4. J.W. Horton, Fundamentals of Sonar, 2nd edn. (U.S. Naval Institute, Annapolis, 1959)
5. W.O. Pennell, M.H. Hebb, H.A. Brooks et al., Directivity Patterns of Sound Sources, NDRC C4 – sr287-089, Harvard Underwater Sound laboratory, April 29, 1942; Reference in Chapter 5 of NDRC, Div 6, Vol. 13, 1946