1. NASA, Image from the web site http://www.nasa.gov/audience/forstudents/k-4/dictionary/Gyroscope.html#.VZZPR5ThntQ
2. NASA, Space vehicle gyroscope sensor applications, NASA SP-8096, 87 pages (Oct 1972)
3. H. Goldstein, C. Poole, J. Safko, Classical Mechanics, 3rd edn. (Addison-Wesley, San Francisco, 2001). ISBN 978-0201657029
4. R. Fitzpatrick, Course notes on Newtonian dynamics, Gyroscopic precession (The University of Texas at Austin, 31 Mar 2011), web site http://farside.ph.utexas.edu/teaching/336k/Newtonhtml/node70.html
5. UCLA Physics & Astronomy, Rotation and gyroscopic precession, web site http://demoweb.physics.ucla.edu/content/experiment-7-rotation-and-gyroscopic-precession