1. Kanai, H., Sakamoto, K. andMiki, M. (1976) Impedance of blood; the effects of red cell orientation. Proceedings of the 11th ICMBE, Ottawa, Canada, 238–239.
2. Sakamoto, K. andKanai, H. (1978) Electrical charac-teristics of flowing blood.Japan. J. MEBE,16, 45–52.
3. Edgerton, R. H. (1974) Conductivity of sheared suspensions of ellipsoidal particles with application to blood flow.IEEE Trans.,BME-21-1, 33–43.
4. Schwan, J. P. (1959) Alternating current spectroscopy of biological substances. Proceedings of theIRE, 10, 1845–1855.
5. Hill, D. W. andLowe, H. J. (1973) The use of the electrical-impedance technique for the monitoring of cardiac output and limb blood flow during anaesthesia.Med. & Biol. Eng.,11.