1. The terms liability and responsibility, generally and for the sake of this study, have the same meaning, the former rather used in domestic legal systems, the latter for the regime of State responsibility under public international law, cf. Amerasinghe, Chittharanjan F., “The Essence of the Structure of International Responsibility”, in Ragazzi, Maurizio (ed.), “International Responsibility Today — Essays in Memory of Oscar Schachter” (Leiden: Nijhoff, 2005), pp. 3 et seq., at 4.
2. McDougal, Myres Smith/ Burke, William T., “The Public Order of the Oceans” (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1962), at 763.
3. de Ferron, Olivier, “Le droit international de la mer”, Vol. 1 (Geneva: Droz, 1958), at 76.
4. United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, adopted on 10 December 1982, UNTS, Vol. 1833, pp. 3 et seq. [hereinafter “Law of the Sea Convention” or “LOSC”].
5. Convention on the High Seas, adopted on 29 April 1958, UNTS, Vol. 450, pp. 11 et seq. [hereinafter CHS].