1. In the following, the term “incorporation” is used in its current sociological meaning, and not as a legal concept; it thus denotes the mode of including persons into an existing political community or corps politique; see e.g. J. Alexander, Theorizing ‘Modes of Incorporation’: Assimilation, Hyphenation, and Multiculturalism as Varieties of Civil Participation, Sociological Theory 19/3 (2001), 238–49.
2. For comprehensive overviews of sociological theories of secularization see K. Dobbelaere, Secularization: A Multi-Dimensional Concept, 1981; O. Tschannen, Les théories de la sécularisation, 1992; and for their recent defence D. Pollak, Säkularisierung: Ein moderner Mythos?, 2003; P. Norris/R. Inglehard, Sacred and Secular. Religion and Politics World-Wide, 2004.
3. See J. Casanova, Public Religions in the Modern World, 1994, 19–39 and 232.
4. D. Hervieu-Léger, La religion pour mémoire, 1993, 119 and 135.
5. Casanova (note 3), Public Religion, 5;65; 211.