1. Wright, E.H., Willey, L.A., “Aluminum Binary Equilibrium Diagrams,” Alcoa Research Laboratories Technical Paper No. 15, Alcoa, Pittsburgh, PA (1960).
2. Backerud, L., Johnsson, M., Sigworth, G., “Method for the Optimization of the Grain Refinement of Aluminum Alloys,” U.S. Patent 6,073,677 (June 13, 2000).
3. Sigworth, G.K., “The Grain Refining of Aluminum and Phase Relationships in the Al-Ti-B System,” Met. Trans., vol. 15A, pp. 277–282 (1984).
4. Mondolfo, L.F., Aluminum Alloys: Structure and Properties, Butterworths (1976).
5. Monograph and Report Series;HWL Phillips,1959