Abstract
AbstractIncubation behaviour is essential for understanding the reproductive success in birds. For example, the orientation of the bird is important for reducing incubation costs associated with wind or sun, but on the other hand can be modified by the perceived risk of predation. We studied the body position of incubating White Stork Ciconia ciconia in eastern Poland using a small unmanned aerial vehicle (drone). The head and body orientation of the incubating storks was non-random and modified by natural factors, mainly wind direction and speed, but also by the presence of an apex predator, the White-tailed Eagle Haliaeetus albicilla. However, head orientation during incubation in nests located on electricity poles was also modified by the presence of the power lines, probably due to disturbance in the magnetic field detected by birds. Surprisingly, although the positioning of incubating birds (mainly females) is very important for the detection of predators and for reducing energy costs, these have not previously been studied. New technologies, such as drones, make it possible to collect new, extensive information on the incubation behaviour of birds.
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Reference46 articles.
1. Agostinelli C, Lund U (2017) R package “circular”: Circular Statistics (version 0.4–93)
2. Alonso JA, Alonso JC, Carrascal LM, Munoz-Pulido R (1994) Flock size and foraging decisions in central place foraging White Storks, Ciconia ciconia. Behaviour 129:279–292. https://doi.org/10.1163/156853994X00640
3. Bakner NW, Schofield LR, Cedotal C, Chamberlain MJ, Collier BA (2019) Incubation recess behaviors influence nest survival of Wild Turkeys. Ecol Evol 9:14053–14065. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5843
4. Balmori A (2015) Anthropogenic radiofrequency electromagnetic fields as an emerging threat to wildlife orientation. Sci Total Environ 518:58–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.02.077
5. Baoqing L, Jun Z, Ainan Q (2004) Studies on incubation and raising of oriental White Stork (Ciconia boyciana). Chin J Zool 39:45–47
Cited by
6 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献