1. ASTM Standard Test Method for Measurement of Fatigue Crack Growth Rates, ASTM E647-86a.
2. Pearson, S., “Initiation of Fatigue Cracks in Commercial Aluminum Alloys and the Subsequent Propagation of very Short Cracks,”Eng. Fract. Mech.,7,235–247 (1975).
3. Kitagawa, H. and Takahashi, S., “Applicability of Fracture Mechanics to very Small Cracks or the Cracks in the Early Stage,” Proc. 2nd Int. Conf. on Mechanical Behaviour of Materials, Boston, 627–631 (1976).
4. El Haddad, M.H., “A Study of the Growth of Short Fatigue Cracks Based on Fracture Mechanics,” PhD Thesis, Univ., of Waterloo (1978).
5. Ritchie, R.O. and Lankford, J., “Overview of the Small Crack Problem,” Small Fatigue Cracks, ed. R. O. Ritchie and J. Lankford, 1–5 (1986).