Epilepsy

Author:

Capizzano Aristides A.,Moritani Toshio,Kawasaki Hiroto

Publisher

Springer International Publishing

Reference157 articles.

1. Fisher RS et al (2017) Operational classification of seizure types by the international league against epilepsy: position paper of the ILAE commission for classification and terminology. Epilepsia 58(4):522–530

2. Scheffer IE et al (2017) ILAE classification of the epilepsies: position paper of the ILAE commission for classification and terminology. Epilepsia 58(4):512–521

3. Levite M (2014) Glutamate receptor antibodies in neurological diseases: anti-AMPA-GluR3 antibodies, anti-NMDA-NR1 antibodies, anti-NMDA-NR2A/B antibodies, anti-mGluR1 antibodies or anti-mGluR5 antibodies are present in subpopulations of patients with either: epilepsy, encephalitis, cerebellar ataxia, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and neuropsychiatric SLE, Sjogren’s syndrome, schizophrenia, mania or stroke. These autoimmune anti-glutamate receptor antibodies can bind neurons in few brain regions, activate glutamate receptors, decrease glutamate receptor’s expression, impair glutamate-induced signaling and function, activate blood brain barrier endothelial cells, kill neurons, damage the brain, induce behavioral/psychiatric/cognitive abnormalities and ataxia in animal models, and can be removed or silenced in some patients by immunotherapy. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 121(8):1029–1075

4. Gloor P (1997) The temporal lobe and limbic system, in the temporal lobe and limbic system. Oxford University Press, New York

5. Vyklicky V et al (2014) Structure, function, and pharmacology of NMDA receptor channels. Physiol Res 63(Suppl 1):S191–S203

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