1. Abdo G (2017) The new sectarianism: the Arab uprisings and the rebirth of the Shiite-Sunni divide. Oxford University Press, New York
2. Āl-e-Aḥmad, Jalāl (1982) Plagued by the West, translated by P. Sprachman. Center for Iranian Studies. Columbia University, New York, NY
3. American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language (2011) “Orthodox”, 5th edn. HarperCollins, New York, NY. https://www.ahdictionary.com/word/search.html?q=orthodox
4. BBC (2016) Sunnis and Shia: Islam's ancient schism. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-16047709. Accessed 20 March 2022
5. BBC (2013) “Sunnis and Shiite in the Middle East”. http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-25434060. Accessed 29 March 2018