1. Alciato, Andrea. 1531. Emblematum liber. Augsburg: Steyner.
2. ———. 1550.(1996) Emblemata, Lyons, Trans. Betty I. Knott with Introduction by John Manning. Aldershot: Scolar Press.
3. Auslander, Philip. 2012. Digital liveness: A historic-philosophical perspective. PAJ: A Journal of Performance and Art 34 (3): 3–11.
4. Barker, William. 2001. The Adages of Erasmus. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
5. Barthes, Roland. [1964] 1977. The Rhetoric of the image. In Image-music-text. Trans. S. Heath, 32–51. rpt. London: Wm. Collins Sons and Co.