1. Posner JB, Saper CB, Schiff ND, Plum F. Pathophysiology of signs and symptoms of coma. In: Posner JB, editor. Plum and Posner’s diagnosis of stupor and coma. 4th ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2007. p. 3–38.
2. American Psychiatric Association, editor. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 5th ed. Arlington: American Psychiatric Association; 2013.
3. Kanich W, Brady WJ, Huff JS, Perron AD, Holstege C, Lindbeck G, Carter CT. Altered mental status: evaluation and etiology in the ED. Am J Emerg Med. 2002;20(7):613–7.
4. Han JH, Wilber ST. Altered mental status in older patients in the emergency department. Clin Geriatr Med. 2013;29(1):101–36.
5. Robertson FC, Lepard JR, Mekary RA, Davis MC, Yunusa I, Gormley WB, Baticulon RE, Mahmud MR, Misra BK, Rattani A, Dewan MC, Park KB. Epidemiology of central nervous system infectious diseases: a meta-analysis and systematic review with implications for neurosurgeons worldwide. J Neurosurg. 2018:1–20.