1. Butler, H.C. 1907. Publications of the Princeton University archaeological expedition to Syria in 1904–1905. Division 2. Ancient architecture in Syria. Section B. Northern Syria. Leiden: E.J. Brill.
2. Carver, M.O.H.C. 1996. Transitions to Islam – Urban roles in the east and south Mediterranean, fifth to tenth centuries AD. In Towns in transition: Urban evolution in late antiquity and the early Middle Ages, ed. N. Christie and S.T. Loseby. Aldershot: Scolar Press.
3. Fergusson, J. 1847. An essay on the ancient topography of Jerusalem. London: J. Weale.
4. Genequand, D. 2005. From ‘desert castle’ to medieval town: Qasr al-Hayr al-Sharqi (Syria). Antiquity 79 (304): 350–361.
5. Genequand, D. 2006. Some thoughts on Qasr al-Hayr al-Gharbi, its dam, its monastery and the Ghassanids. Levant 38 (1): 63–84.