1. United Nations (2000) Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, supplementing the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime. United Nations. https://www.unodc.org/res/human-trafficking/2021the-protocol-tip_html/TIP.pdf
2. United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (2020) Global report on trafficking in persons 2020. https://www.unodc.org/documents/data-and-analysis/tip/2021/GLOTiP_2020_15jan_web.pdf
3. United Nations of Department of Economic and Social Affairs (2022) Geographic Regions. https://unstats.un.org/unsd/methodology/m49/
4. Economic Community of West African States (2022) Member states. https://ecowas.int/member-states/
5. Worldometer (2023) Western Africa Population. https://www.worldometers.info/world-population/western-africa-population/