1. The National Archives of Finland (NA), Turku. The Turku Court of Appeal. Judgement records 1891–1898, 1901–1908, 1911–1912, 1915, 1918, 1920–1922, 1925, 1929.
2. The National Library of Finland (NL), Helsinki. The Newspaper Collection of the National Collection. https://digi.kansalliskirjasto.fi/etusivu?set_language=en. Accessed 6 February 2020.
3. Adler, J. S. (2003). “We’ve got a right to fight: We’re married”: Domestic homicide in Chicago, 1875–1920. Journal of Interdisciplinary History, 34(1), 27–48. https://muse.jhu.edu/article/43146.
4. Bala, N. (2008). A historical perspective on family violence and child abuse. Journal of Family Studies, 14, 271–278. https://doi.org/10.5172/jfs.327.14.2-3.271.
5. Bergenlöv, E. (2009). Drabbade barn: Aga och barnmisshandel i Sverige från reformationen till nutid. Lund: Nordic Academic Press.