Police Crowd Management in South Africa: Efforts and Challenges of De-escalation

Author:

Schwartz KobusORCID,Mmamabolo Tebogo,Schwartz Mariaan

Publisher

Springer International Publishing

Reference51 articles.

1. African Policing Civilian Oversight Forum (APCOF). (2017). APCOF annual report, 2017. African Policing Civilian Oversight Forum. http://apcof.org/wp-content/uploads/apcof_annual_report_2017.pdf

2. Borch, C. (2013). Crowd theory and the management of crowds: A controversial relationship. Current Sociology, 61(5–6), 584–601. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011392113486443

3. Brooks, H. (2017, March). Democracy and its discontents: Protest from a police perspective (SA Crime Quarterly No. 67). Institute for Security Studies. https://doi.org/10.17159/2413-3108/2019/v0n67a5711

4. Broughton, T. (2022, July 19). Judge slams police for refusing to carry out court orders against persistent protesters. Daily Maverick. https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2022-07-19-judge-slams-police-for-refusing-to-carry-out-court-orders-against-persistent-protesters/

5. Bruce, D. (2012). Marikana and the Doctrine of Maximum Force. Parktown Publishers. https://www.justice.gov.za/comm-mrk/exhibits/exhibit-FFF-14.pdf

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