1. Beale, Frances M. 1970/2005. Black Women’s Manifesto; Double Jeopardy: To Be Black and Female. In The Black Woman: An Anthology, ed. Toni Cade, 109–122. New York: Washington Square Press.
2. Bederman, Gail. 1996. Manliness and Civilization: A Cultural History of Race and Gender in the United States, 1880–1917. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
3. Beyoncé. 2016. Formation. Performance at the Superbowl, February 7. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=voqZ12h7jtg.
4. ———. 2018. Performance at Coachella, April 14. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DkdhFobvpAw.
5. Bobo, Jacqueline. 1995. Black Women as Cultural Readers. New York: Columbia University Press.