1. This paper is the result of the joint work of the authors. In particular, ‘Abstract’ was written jointly by the authors. Chiara Garau wrote the ‘Introduction’. Paola Zamperlin wrote the ‘The Future of Smart Sustainable Cities Considering the “Deep Ecology” Paradigm, IoT, and Big data’. Irene Paoli wrote ‘The Big Data Platform Snap4City for the Case Studies’. Michela Paolucci wrote ‘Empirical Examples of IoT and IoE in the Case studies of Florence, Helsinki and Cagliari’. Paolo Nesi wrote ‘Conclusions’
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