1. See generally, U.S. Const. amend I-X (protecting certain aspects of privacy, such as privacy of beliefs (1st Amendment), privacy of the home against demands that it be used to house soldiers (3rd Amendment), privacy of the person and possessions against unreasonable government searches (4th Amendment), privacy of personal information in certain situations (5th Amendment)).
2. Katz v. United States, 389 U.S. 347 (1967) and Whalen v. Roe, 429 U.S. 589; 1977.
3. Privacy Protections in State Constitutions. National Conference of State Legislatures (NCSL), Denver, CO; 2015. http://www.ncsl.org/research/telecommunications-and-information-technology/privacy-protections-in-state-constitutions.aspx. Accessed 3 Mar 2017.
4. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA); Public Law 104–191, 110 Stat. 1936, enacted 8/21/1996.
5. See e.g., Univ. of Colo. Hosp. v. Denver Pub. Co., 340 F. Supp. 2d 1142 (D. Colo. 2004)(citing cases from multiple jurisdictions holding no private cause of action exists for HIPAA violations).