1. Abdullah, S., T. Gray, and E. Clough. 2018. Clientalism: Factionalism in the Allocation of Public Resources in Iraq After 2003. Middle Eastern Studies 54 (4): 665–682.
2. Anderson, L., and G. Stansfield. 2004. The Future of Iraq: Dictatorship, Democracy or Division. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
3. ———. 2009. Crisis in Kirkuk: The Ethnopolitics of Conflict and Compromise. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
4. Aziz, M.A. 2011. The Kurds of Iraq: Ethno-Nationalism and National Identity in Iraqi Kurdistan. London: I.B. Tauris.
5. Batatu, H. 1978. The Old Social Classes and The Revolutionary Movements in Iraq: A Study of Iraq’s Old Landed and Commercial Classes and of Its Communists, Ba’thists and Free Officers. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.