Indications, Complications and Side Effects of Metallic Ureteral Stents

Abstract

AbstractFirst widely used ureteral stents were polymeric and first documented metallic stent placed in ureter was vascular permanent stent in patient with malignant obstruction. Due to high complication rates with off label bare metal stents and covered metal stents development of purpose-based urological metallic stents was started. They are nowadays usually exploited when longer indwelling times are envisioned due to benign conditions, malignant obstruction or post-radiotherapy. In our analysis we have witnessed high risk of complication—68% per patient and 50% per stent.Further research in form of multi-institutional prospective RCT in order to obtain better understanding of complications is needed which in turn can drive further development of stent materials, coatings and designs ultimately giving our patients better QoL.