Artificial Intelligence and Decision Making in Health: Risks and Opportunities

Abstract

AbstractThe use of systems that include Artificial Intelligence (AI) imposes an assessment of the risks and opportunities associated with their incorporation in the health area. Different types of AI present multiple ethical, legal and social challenges. AI systems involved incorporated with new imaging and signal processing technologies. AI systems in the area of communication have made it possible to carry out previously non-existent interactions and facilitate access to data and information. The greatest concern involves the areas of planning, knowledge and reasoning, as AI systems are directly associated with the decision-making process. So, the central objective of this chapter is to reflect and suggest recommendations, with the foundation of the Complex Bioethics Model, about the decision-making process in health with AI support, considering risks and opportunities. The chapter is organized in two parts: (1) The decision-making processes in health and AI; (1.1) The health area the use of AI and decision-making processes: opportunities and risks to treat electronic health records (EHR) and (2) Complex Bioethics Model (CBM) and AI.