1. The earliest known troubador lyrics are edited and translated by Gerald A. Bond, The Poetry of William VII, Count of Poitiers, IX Duke of Aquitaine (New York: Garland Publishing, 1980).
2. Collected in translation by Magda Bogin, The Woman Troubadours (New York: Paddington Press, 1976).
3. Reto R. Bezzola, “Guillaume IX et les origines de l’amour courtois,” Romania 66 (1940): 145–237
4. Tony Hunt, “Aristotle, Dialectic, and Courtly Literature,” Viator 10 (1979): 95–129.
5. Stanley K. Stowers, Letter Writing in Greco-Roman Antiquity (Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1986)