1. See, also, Caroline Franklin, Byron and Women Novelists, The Byron Foundation Lecture (Nottingham: University of Nottingham, 2001).
2. Don Juan, I. i; J. R. Watson, ‘Elizabeth Gaskell: Heroes and Heroines, and Sylvia’s Lovers’, Gaskell Society Journal, 18 (2001), pp. 81–94 (p. 81).
3. Thomas Carlyle, Sartor Resartus, ed. by Kerry McSweeney and Peter Sabor (Oxford: Oxford UP, 2008), p. 146 (original emphasis); On Heroes, Hero-Worship, and the Heroic in History (London and Glasgow: Collins’ Clear-Type Press, no date), p. 126. Subsequent page references will be given in the text.
4. Andrew Elfenbein, Byron and the Victorians (Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1995), p. 91. Elfenbein examines the cultural politics of Carlyle’s apparent anti-Byronism in Chapter 3 of his study.
5. Donald D. Stone, The Romantic Impulse in Victorian Fiction (Cambridge, MA and London: Harvard UP, 1980), p. 23.