1. See Willis Rudy, The College of the City of New York: A History, 1847–1947 (New York: City College Press, 1949), pp. 450–452.
2. John Dewey and Horace M. Kallen, eds., The Bertrand Russell Case (New York: Viking Press, 1941), p. 20.
3. Ellen W Schrecker, No Ivory Tower: McCarthyism and the Universities (New York: Oxford University Press, 1986).
4. An informative study of the period is provided in jane Sanders, Cold War on Campus (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1979).
5. Conant’s position was echoed by Sidney Hook, Heresy—Yes; Conspiracy—No! (New York: John Day, 1953).