1. J. R. R. Tolkien, ‘On Fairy-Stories’ (1939, rev. 1964), in The Monsters and the Critics and Other Essays (London: HarperCollins, 1997): 109–61, at 132, 138–9, 146, 147.
2. J. R. R. Tolkien, The Letters of J. R. R. Tolkien, ed. Humphrey Carpenter, with Christopher Tolkien (London: HarperCollins, 2006): 185.
3. J. R. R. Tolkien, ‘Beowulf: the Monsters and the Critics’, in The Monsters and the Critics and Other Essays (London: HarperCollins, 1997): 5–48, at 27.
4. Humphrey Carpenter, J. R. R. Tolkien: A Biography (London: Unwin, 1978): 198.
5. Christopher Tolkien, ‘Introduction’, in J. R. R. Tolkien, Unfinished Tales (London: HarperCollins, 1993): 1–14, at 3.