1. Heart disease statistics:2005 update, Dallas, TX: American Heart Association, 2004
2. American Heart Association. 2001 Heart and Stroke Statistical Update. Dallas, TX: American Heart Association, 2008
3. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Morbidity & Mortality Chart Book. Bethesda, MD: National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 2000
4. Bahr RD. Prodromal symptom recognition of a heart attack. An overlooked phenomenon for recognizing a window of opportunity for early heart attack care. Critic Path Cardiol 2002;1(3):194–206
5. Hwang SY, Ryan C, Zerwic JJ. The influence of age on acute myocardial infarction symptoms and patient delay in seeking treatment. Prog Cardiovasc Nurs 2006;21(1):20–7 doi:
10.1111/j.0197-3118.2006.04713.x