1. Isaac Newton, The Method of Fluxions and Infinite Series, ed. trans. John Colson (London: J. Nourse, 1736); Charles Hayes, A Treatise of Fluxions (London: Midwinter, 1704); Colin Maclaurin, A Treatise of Fluxions, in Two Books, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, 42 (1744), 325–363 (Book I); 403–415 (Book II). Useful overviews include Florian Cajori, A History of the Conceptions of Limits and Fluxions in Great Britain from Newton to Woodhouse (Chicago: Open Court, 1919); Carl B. Boyer, The History of the Calculus and its Conceptual Development (New York: Dover, 1954).
2. Newton, General Scholium, Principia Mathematica Philosophiæ Naturalis, trans. I. Bernard Cohen and Anne Whitman (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1999), 943.
3. Plato, Timaeus 28–29a.
4. My trusted sources include R. T. Wallis, Neoplatonism, 2nd ed. (Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Co., Inc., 1995); Paulina Remes, Neoplatonism (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2008); Svetla Slaveva Griffin and Paulina Remes, eds., The Routledge Handbook of Neoplatonism (London: Routledge, 2014); Arthur O. Lovejoy, The Great Chain of Being: A Study in the History of an Idea (New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, 1960).
5. Alexandre Koyré, From the Closed World to the Infinite Universe (Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins Press, 1957), 126–160.