Changes of basic hematological parameters in patients with generalized periodontitis depending on the blood group

Abstract

Summary. General clinical blood test is widely used as one of the most important methods of examination in most diseases. The cellular composition of the blood of a healthy person is fairly constant, so various changes occurring in diseases may have important diagnostic value. The aim of the study – to analyze changes in the main hematological parameters in patients with generalized periodontitis associated with blood group. Materials and Methods. The studies were conducted in the clinic of Ternopil State Medical University and Ternopil Regional Blood Transfusion Station. 855 males aged 20–55 years were examined, who were divided into 2 groups: the main group consisted of 570 patients with generalized periodontitis of I – III severity. Complete blood count was determined using an automatic hematology analyzer “Sysmex KH - 21”. The morphological study of blood cells was performed using a Zeiss light microscope using a unified method. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate was determined using a Panchenkov unified micromethod. Results and Discussion. It was found that in patients with generalized periodontitis, a significant decrease in blood was determined: the number of red blood cells (by 17.53 %) and their volume (by 13.40 %), p <0.01. At the same time, hemoglobin decreased by 25.59 %, hematocrit – by 32.18 % against an increase in ESR by 2.7 times, p <0.01, relative to the corresponding data in the comparison group without periodontal pathology. At the same time, it was found that in patients with generalized periodontitis the number of leukocytes increased (by 52.87 %), neutrophils (by 25.47 %), p <0.01, stab (by 39.48%), segmented (by 18.32 %) leukocytes, p<0.05, relative to the corresponding parameters in the comparison group. At the same time, in patients with generalized periodontitis, the leukocyte index of intoxication was 2.9 times higher than in the examined group of comparison. It should be noted that in patients with generalized periodontitis, depending on the group membership of the blood, the dynamics of the values of the parameters studied was similar to the average, differed depending on the group membership, between the digital tannins. Conclusions. Our studies allowed us to obtain a block of new data revealing the biological variability of the cellular and molecular composition of blood, to identify features associated with blood group in patients with generalized periodontitis.