PREVALENCE OF SILENT CARDIAC ISCHEMIA IN TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS

Abstract

Objectives: To determine the frequency of silent cardiac ischemia in type II diabetes mellitus patients presenting to tertiary care facility. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted from 20th October 2017 to 20th April 2018 at Department of Medicine Jinnah Hospital Lahore. After a detailed history, measurement of height, blood pressure, weight, fasting blood sugar, body mass index of 237 patients were recorded, and electrocardiography (ECG) was done before and after exercise tolerance testing (ETT). Changes in ECG were assessed and person labeled as having silent cardiac ischemia or not depending on the outcome of the ECG. Results: Mean age was 54.9 ± 5.9 (range: 45 – 63) years. There were 144 male patients and 93 female patients The mean duration of type II diabetes mellitus in the study population was 10.0 ± 2.6 (range: 6 – 15) years. The frequency of silent cardiac ischemia was found to be 45.1%. Increasing age, prolonged duration of diabetes mellitus, history of smoking and hypertension, and increased body mass index were significantly related to silent cardiac ischemia (p-value< 0.05). Conclusion: Silent cardiac is quite prevalent in our population that demands urgent efforts to diagnose this condition earlier for better future outcomes.