CLINICOAETIOLOGICAL STUDY ON RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTION IN CRITICAL CARE UNITOF ATERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

Abstract

Introduction: Infections of the lower respiratory tract is one of the common and important causes of human disease from the points of view of morbidity, mortality and economic cost to society. A new study has found that about 3.6 million people have died due to the two most common chronic lung diseases in 2015.1 According to the study, in 2015, about 3.2 million people worldwide succumbed to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) - caused mainly by smoking and pollution - while 400,000 people died from asthma. Aims And Objective: Study of clinical, laboratory and radiological features of LRTI cases in CCU, Identication of organisms causing LRTI and their resistance pattern. To study the outcome of treatment. Materials And Methods: In Patients Department CCU of Carmichael Hospital for Tropical Diseases (CHTD), School of Tropical Medicine (STM), Kolkata. July 2018 to June 2019 Patients >18 years of age of both sexes with LRTI diagnosed by history, clinical ndings, laboratory tests, radiological ndings. Result And Analysis: 11(22.0%) patients had BI LAT lower lobe patchy pneumonitis, 12(24.0%) patients had BI LAT syn pneumonic effusion, 6(12.05) patients had L lower lobe consolidation, 6(12.0%) patients had L sided pneumonitis, 14(28.0%) patients had R sided pneumonitis and 1(2.0%) patient had R upper lobe pneumonitis. 26(52.0%) patients had ventilation. 24(48.0%) patients had sputum. 26(52.0%) patients had ET tube suction. 14(28.0%) patients had Acinetobacterbaunnii complex, 20(40.0%) patients had Klebsiellapneumoniae, 3(6.0%) patients had Proteus mirabilis, 7(14.0%) patients had Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 5(10.0%) patients had Staphylococcus aureus and 1(2.0%) patients had Staphylococcus haemolyticus. Conclusion:There is use and misuse of the broad spectrum antibiotics that has given rise to this problem. The lack of a denite antibiotic policy is a matter of great concern in management of LRTI. To conclude, this study suggests that the most common organism isolated in lower respiratory tract infections is Acinetobacterbaunnii complex, Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus haemolyticus and Proteus mirabilis among Gram negative bacilli and Gram positive cocci respectively of which mortality rate is very signicant in Acinetobacterbaunnii complex and Klebsiella pneumonia infection. By knowing the etiological organism and their antibiotic sensitivity pattern of this organism every institution have their specic use of antibiotic policy can be drafted.