COMPARISON OF PERINATAL RISK FACTORS IN NEONATES OF DIFFERENT GESTATIONAL AGE ADMITTED WITH RESPIRATORY MORBIDITY.

Abstract

Background: Respiratory disorders are most common cause of neonatal admissions in both term and preterm. Factors associated with neonatal respiratory morbidity (RM) are poorly described. To compare Objective: the frequency and risk factors for respiratory morbidity at different gestational age Hospital based cros Methods: s sectional study over 15 months. Neonates with onset of respiratory distress within 72 hours of birth enrolled and divided into early preterm, late preterm and full term groups. Comparison was done to nd the association of RM with neonatal, maternal and pregnancy related factors among three groups. Chi- square/ Annova/ Fisher's exact test was applied for Statistical signifance. 150 neonates were analysed. The fre Results: quency of respiratory morbidity was 35%, 29% and 25% for group I, II & III respectively. Statistically signicant neonatal factors were lower gestational age (p < 0.001), lower birth weight (p < 0.001), SGA especially late preterm & term SGA (p<0.001), male gender (p=0.043) especially term male (0.019) and late preterm/ term with low APGAR score (0.0033). Statistically signicant maternal factors were young maternal age (< 20 year) in late preterm neonates (p 0.00028) and maternal gestational diabetes in term group (p 0.012). Pregnancy related factor analysis showed PIH (p =0.01), Placenta previa (p =0.02), Cord Prolapse (p =0.02), PROM > 24 hour (p =0.03), MSL (p <0.001) and LSCS delivery (p = 0.01) as signicant risk factors for RM. Early and late Conclusion: gestation RM differs in term of potential perinatal factors. The gestational age and birth weight had inverse relationship with occurrence of RM. Risk factors such as PROM, placenta previa with early gestation; SGA,PIH, LSCS and young maternal age with late preterm while male gender, gestational DM, MSL and cord prolapse were signicantly associated with term gestation RM.