Affiliation:
1. MD.
2. Cand. Med.
3. MSEE
4. Mr.Sci., MSEE
5. MD, PhD, Faculty of Medicine, Split, Croatia, Department of Cardiology
Abstract
Summary Our paper analyses the interdependence between the overall magnitudes and resistances of bipolar and
augmented unipolar limb leads of electrocardiograms. The findings strongly indicate that the overall ratio of magnitude
of the bipolar and augmented unipolar limb leads is not a constant value, whereas the overall ratio of resistance is a
constant value. These results expand but partially contradict a previous study. The ratio of the magnitude of bipolar leads
to augmented unipolar leads is between 1 and 4/3 with a mean value of 2/√3, and this ratio is a function of the electrical
axis of the heart. Our results also show that the overall ratio of resistance between bipolar and augmented unipolar limb
leads approaches the value of 4/3. Conclusively, the ratio of magnitudes between limb leads is not a constant value, the
ratio of resistances can be assumed as a constant value and therefore the difference of magnitudes between limb leads
cannot be explained with the Ohm's law
Subject
General Engineering,General Materials Science,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics,Materials Chemistry,Metals and Alloys,Mechanical Engineering,Mechanics of Materials,History and Philosophy of Science,Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous),History,History,Cultural Studies,Political Science and International Relations,Religious studies,Literature and Literary Theory,Sociology and Political Science,Religious studies,History,Cultural Studies,Law,Sociology and Political Science,Religious studies,History,Cultural Studies,Geology,Political Science and International Relations,Sociology and Political Science,Geography, Planning and Development