BACTERIAL PROFILE OF BLOOD CULTURE AND THEIR ANTI-MICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERN IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS OF A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

Abstract

Introduction: Blood stream infection are very common in the pediatric age group and these are one of the common causes of morbidity and mortality in children.In developing countries ,the rate of blood stream infection in children is about 20-50%.The present study was undertaken to determine the etiological agents causing blood stream infection and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern in pediatric patients. Patients with bacteremia may have either a transient bacteremia or persistent bacteremia which can be self-limited without development of focal infection or sequelae or may progress to a more serious fatal infection or toxic effects. Methodology: The present study in a hospital based single centred, Observational study, of 3 years. Blood sample were collected in BacTec bottle and standard microbiological protocol were applied for the isolation identification of bacteria strains.Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed by the Kirby Bauer Disc Diffusion Method as per CLSI 2019 guidelines. Results: Out of total 350 blood samples received for culture,87(23.14%)were culture positive, out of which 42/87(48.27%) were Gram positive organisms and 39/87(44.82%) were Gram-negative organisms and 6 /87(6.89%) were candida spp. The most common organism was Staphylococcus aureus(31.03%) the predominant organism followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae(21.83%) and Streptococcus pneumoniae (9.19%),Escherichia coli,Enterobacter cloacae each (5.74%). All Gram positive bacteria were susceptibile to vancomycin, teicoplanin and linezolid. 11/27(40.74% )of Staphylococcus aureus were Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains. All Gram negative bacteria were susceptibility to amikacin, Colistin,Tigecycline. Conclusion: Staphylococcus aureus is the leading cause of childhood septicemia in this locale, has been decline in susceptibility of the pathogens to common antibiotics which ultimately stresses on the need for continuous screening and surveillance for antibiotic resistance in the pediatric ward and calls for increased efforts to ensure more rational use of these drugs.