EVALUATION OF THE SERUM CALCIUM AND GLUCOSE LEVEL IN MODERATE AND SEVERE BIRTH ASPHYXIA: A CASE CONTROL STUDY IN SCB MEDICAL COLLEGE CUTTACK, ODISHA

Abstract

Aprospective case control study was conducted in Department of Pediatrics, Newborn ward of S.C.B. Medical College & Hospital and SVPPGIP, Cuttack, Odisha from September 2017 to September 2019 by taking 202 newborns having history and clinical features of moderate & severe hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy and they were evaluated for their serum calcium and blood glucose levels. In the present study mean serum calcium level was found to be low in babies with moderate birth asphyxia and severe birth asphyxia as compared to control. Again it was also found to be low in severe birth asphyxia as compared to moderate birth asphyxia. The percentage of hypo calcemic babies was found to be more in babies with moderate birth asphyxia and severe birth asphyxia as compared to control. Again it was also found to be more in severe birth asphyxia as compared to moderate birth asphyxia. In this study percentage of hypoglycemic babies was found to be more in babies with moderate birth asphyxia and severe birth asphyxia as compared to control. Again it was also found to be more in severe birth asphyxia as compared to moderate birth asphyxia. All the comparison was signicant statistically(P<0.05). This study showed that risk of hypocalcemia and hypoglycemia increased with severity of birth asphyxia. The present study showed that survival was more with normal serum calcium level as compared to low serum calcium level (95.5% vs 74.7%) whereas fatal outcome was more with low serum calcium level as compared to normal serum calcium level (22.2% vs 2.3%). Low serum calcium level was associated with more fatal outcome. The difference was statistically signicant as P< 0.05.The present study showed that survival was more with normal blood glucose level as compared to low blood glucose level (92.5% vs 44.6%) whereas death was more with low blood glucose level (48.2% vs 6.2%). Low blood glucose level was associated with more fatal outcome. The difference was statistically signicant (P< 0.05).Although the study result has resemblance to previous studies, as there is no such type of study has been done previously in this institution, where patient burden is much more higher than resources and where emphasis on prevention, this study will establish an cost effective management protocol of birth asphyxia babies in my institution.