“INCIDENCE AND PATTERNS OF CONGENITAL HEART DISEASES AMONG NEONATES ADMITTED IN SPECIAL NEW BORN CARE UNITS OF DISTRICT HOSPITAL NANDYAL, KURNOOL”

Abstract

Objective: To nd out the pattern and incidence of congenital Heart defects among neonates in SNCU, District Hospital, Nandyal. Methods: This is a retrospectic hospital-based study conducted over a period of 12 months in the Special new born care unit of District Hospital, Nandyal from 01th January 2021 to 31st December 2021. Neonates (new born up to 28 days of age) admitted are examined in the unit irrespective of their condition comprised the study population. They were rst examined by the medical ofcer at the time of admission and subsequently by a pediatrician. Information of gender, weight, gestational age, were recorded on a predesigned Performa. After clinical examination, relevant investigations like ultrasonography, radiology, echocardiography, laboratory and genetic studies were done to conrm diagnosis if it was needed. Results: Out of 2185 total admissions, 51 (2.28%) neonates were having congenital heart defect. Of them, 23 (45.1%) were male and 28 (54.90%) females. CHD was observed in 76% full-term and 24% pre-term infants. CHD was observed in 32 infants weighing >2,500 g (64% of corresponding birth weight infants); 17 weighing 1,500 to 2,500 g (34%); and 1 weighing <1,500 g (2%). The incidence of CHD was higher in the full-term group. However, the incidence of complex CHD in full-term neonates was high. Conclusion: Findings from our study suggest that the recent incidence and disease pattern of CHD might have changed for both complex and simple forms of CHD in District Hospital, Nandyal.