Affiliation:
1. Pathology Department, GSVM Medical College, Kanpur, UP.
Abstract
Introduction: Pleural cavity is a potential space between the parietal pleura and visceral pleural. It consists of some amount of uid called pleural
uid which is normally less than 25ml. Pleural uid is produced by parietal lining and absorbed by visceral lining. Fluid is produced by plasma
ltration through capillary endothelial cells.
Aims & Objectives:Acombined approach of cytology and cell block technique in diagnosing the cause of pleural effusion. To evaluate the utility
of cell block preparation over the conventional smear in the cytodiagnosis of serous effusions.
Material & Methods: The present study was conducted on patients having pleural effusions. The cases and specimens were selected from the
outdoor as well as indoor patients admitted in a tertiary care centre of North India and also from those sent directly to Pathology department from
other hospitals. The duration of study was from January 2019 to September 2020.
The specimens obtained were processed in the biochemistry, cytopathology and histopathology laboratory in the Pathology department of GSVM
Medical College, Kanpur.
Result And Analysis: Out of 100 cases studied it was found that 83 (83%) cases were of reactive pleural effusion and 17 (17%) cases were of
malignant pleural effusions.Out of 17 malignant effusion, 16 (94%) cases were exudative, while 1 (6%) case was transudative.Only 8 cases of
adenocarcinoma were diagnosed on smear examination, while 11 cases were diagnosed on cell block examination. 3 cases of poorly differentiated
carcinoma were diagnosed on conventional smear and 5 cases on cell block examination.Out of total 17 malignant pleural effusions diagnosed by
cell block, only 12 cases were diagnosed by conventional smear examination. Hence diagnostic yield increased by 30% using cell block
preparations.
Conclusion: Thus it was concluded that routine centrifuge is not satisfactory in reporting uids with scant cellularity. Hence for uids with scant
cellularity cell block preparation is a useful method. Also the morphology of the cells were well appreciated by cell block as compared to routine
centrifuge, thus aiding in accurate diagnosis. In this study the diagnoses which were missed or incompletely diagnosed on conventional smear were
diagnosed by cell block.
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