TRENDS OF VECTOR BORNE DISEASES IN DISTRICT PANCHKULA, HARYANA FROM 2011 TO 2021–A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY

Abstract

Background Vector-borne diseases are infections transmitted by the bite of infected arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, triatomine bugs, and eas. They account for more than 17% of all infectious diseases. Vector-borne illnesses worldwide include Malaria(Anopheles mosquitoes); Dengue, Chikungunya, Yellow Fever, Rift Valley fever and Zika (Aedes mosquitoes); Japanese encephalitis, Lymphatic Filariasis and West Nile fever (Culex mosquitoes). Many of these diseases are preventable by limiting exposures to the irrespective vectors. With the time due to climate and geo demographic changes the trends of various diseases are changing and this study was to identify the various changes in trends of vector borne diseases in relation to age, gender, demography and seasons. Study was conducted on Methodology Vector Borne Diseases data of District Health Lab of General Hospital, Panchkula from 2011 to 2021. It is a retrospective study. Results The study shows that in last eleven years a total of 1651 conrmed malaria cases were recorded in Panchkula with the highest number of cases n = 418 in the year 2011. The district showed high prevalence of P.vivax(98·24%) as compared to P.falciparum (1.76%). For dengue, a total of 1899 dengue cases were recorded in Panchkula during the year 2011-2021 and 2021 to be the highest contributor and cases of chikungunya were recorded mainly in two years 2011 and 2016 during the last eleven years. The results show the declining trend of malaria prevalence in Panchkula which indicates Conclusion the existence of signicant malaria control and well developed prevention measures but a great challenge is to achieve success in ongoing malaria elimination programme. Dengue remains as a public health problem with increasing incidence rate every year