Chemical Synthesis and Characterization of Hydroxyapatite Prepared from Cypraea Annulus

Abstract

In the last decade, the processes involved in biomineralization has greatly developed, leading to the production of a new generation of biomaterials. Calcium phosphate ceramic materials attract special interest due to their bioactive and biocompatible properties in biomaterials. Most of marine structures contains calcium carbonate (calcite or aragonite) and they can be easily converted to bioceramic material. The application of calcium phosphate ceramics as useful biocompatible materials largely depends on the purity and morphology of the powder. In this study calcium phosphate bioceramics (as raw materials for bone-scaffolds) were obtained via hot-plate, ultrasound-assisted, and microwave assisted method using the sea shell Cyprae Annulus as a calcium source. The characterization of the produced materials was carried out via FT-IR, SEM, XRD analysis. It was found that the calcium phosphate powders (hydroxyapatite) produced by three different methods were predominantly monetite and hydroxyapatite as the secondary phase. According to the SEM results, the overall morphology for CaP powder bioceramics shows the regular distribution of spherical and rice-shaped and CP powders produced by microwave assisted method have better morphology. The used methods are safe and inexpensive. Moreover, the raw materials (Cypraea Annulus) feature the advantages of the unlimited source as well as the biological origin. These methods were compared takes attention due to it is economical and easy method to obtain hydroxyapatite.