What is the Effect of Intervening SHINBARAM on Teachers' Satisfaction in Korean Language and Culture Centers in Which a Korean Missionary is a Leader?

Abstract

Many Korean missionaries worldwide serve the local community by demonstrating leadership through Korean language teaching. This paper aims to understand the influence of transformational (TF) leadership and transactional (TS) leadership of Korean missionaries on teachers’ job satisfaction (JS) in Korean Language and Culture Centers (KLCCs), with shinbaram (SH) as a Korean ethnic factor as the intervening variable. This research used the Structural Equation Model (SEM) method to analyze 133 samples of KLCC teachers in 23 countries. The findings showed that the TF leadership did not significantly influence the KLCC teachers’ JS, but it did have an influence through the effect of SH intervention. In contrast, the TS leadership directly influenced the KLCC teachers’ JS significantly, but it did not have an influence through the effect of SH intervention. The TF leadership influenced the SH significantly, although the TS leadership did not. In other words, if the TF leadership was implemented in the KLCCs, the teachers’ JS could be improved only when the SH was applied to the organizational culture. Also, this study confirms that the SH directly influenced the KLCC teachers’ JS. These results demonstrate the role of SH as social psychological energy in strengthening JS in a non-profit educational organization whose leaders are missionaries, such as the KLCCs. Non-profit organizations with relatively weak compensation systems should utilize the SH as a catalyst to improve the teachers’ JS.