Variation of the Pronotal Markings in Rhynchophorus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Species from Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu

Abstract

The notorious palm weevils from the genus Rhynchophorus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) are known to be polymorphic and show high phenotypic plasticity. Due to these characteristics, this study attempts to document the typologies based on the pronotal markings observed from Kuala Terengganu population. Samples were collected using baited traps with pheromones and fruits as well as through handpicking method, where the sampling sites were located at two villages, namely, Kampung Tanjung Paya and Kampung Pulau Sekati. A total of 100 individuals were collected of which 19 typologies were successfully identified. Of all, the most prominent pattern observed was typology A, represented by 37 individuals. Findings from this study suggested that the variation was driven by various factors including resource limitation, habitat preference, diet preference and competition. However, a comprehensive study should be initiated to measure possible factor(s) which possibly induce the pronotal variation within Rhynchophorus at a local scale.